Quartz Family · common
Jasper
Jasper is an opaque variety of chalcedony found in a wide array of colors and patterns. Each variety has unique characteristics based on its formation.
Also known as: picture jasper, red jasper, ocean jasper, Polychrome Jasper, Kambaba Jasper, Mookaite Jasper.
Jasper properties at a glance
| Type | Quartz Family |
|---|---|
| Chemical formula | SiO2 |
| Mohs hardness | 7 |
| Crystal system | hexagonal |
| Luster | vitreous |
| Streak | White |
| Cleavage | None |
| Fracture | Conchoidal |
| Specific gravity | 2.6 |
| Transparency | opaque |
| Common colors | Red, Yellow, Brown, Green, Multi-colored |
| Rarity | common |
Geology & background
Forms when fine silica particles cement together, often incorporating iron oxides that create various colors.
One of the first materials used for jewelry, dating back to the Paleolithic period.
How to identify Jasper
- Check whether the specimen's color and texture match typical Jasper examples.
- Photograph a fresh surface in natural light and avoid shadows, glare, or wet surfaces.
- Use hardness, streak, luster, grain size, and locality together; no single trait is enough for every specimen.
Full Jasper identification guide: checklist, home tests and look-alikes →
Jasper vs similar stones
Not sure it isn't something else? Side-by-side comparisons with the stones most often confused with Jasper.
Where Jasper is found
Jasper is reported from multiple localities or geological settings. Exact locality should be verified from specimen provenance, maps, or field notes.
How much is Jasper worth?
| Entry-level specimen | $5 |
|---|---|
| Typical collector specimen | $20 |
| Premium specimen | $150+ |
Value depends on size, condition, color, crystal quality, locality, rarity, preparation, and provenance. Treat this as educational guidance, not an appraisal.
Common uses
- Jewelry
- Decorative objects
- Carvings
Interesting facts
- Red jasper was called 'the blood of Mother Earth' by Native Americans
- Picture jasper contains natural landscape-like patterns
- Ancient Egyptians carved jasper into amulets
Care & safety
Treat Jasper as a collector specimen unless hardness, cleavage, and fracture are confirmed.
Avoid inhaling dust. Do not cut, grind, or polish unknown specimens without eye protection and a properly rated respirator.
Jasper FAQ
What is Jasper?
Jasper is an opaque variety of chalcedony found in a wide array of colors and patterns. Each variety has unique characteristics based on its formation.
How much is Jasper worth?
Entry-level Jasper specimens sell for around $5, a typical collector specimen for about $20, and premium pieces for $150 or more. Value depends on size, condition, color, crystal quality, locality, rarity, preparation, and provenance. Treat this as educational guidance, not an appraisal.
How hard is Jasper?
Jasper has a Mohs hardness of 7. It scratches glass and a steel knife and cannot be scratched by a steel file.
Where is Jasper found?
Notable sources of Jasper include India, USA, Russia, and Egypt. Forms when fine silica particles cement together, often incorporating iron oxides that create various colors..
What is Jasper used for?
Jasper is used for jewelry, decorative objects, and carvings.
