Semi-Precious Stones · uncommon
Peridot
Peridot is the gem variety of olivine, one of the most common minerals in Earth's mantle. Its distinctive yellow-green color comes from iron.
Also known as: august birthstone, green gem.
Peridot properties at a glance
| Type | Semi-Precious Stones |
|---|---|
| Chemical formula | (Mg,Fe)2SiO4 |
| Mohs hardness | 6.5 |
| Crystal system | orthorhombic |
| Luster | vitreous |
| Streak | White |
| Cleavage | Poor |
| Fracture | Conchoidal |
| Specific gravity | 3.3 |
| Transparency | transparent |
| Common colors | Yellow-Green, Olive Green, Lime Green |
| Rarity | uncommon |
Geology & background
Forms deep in Earth's mantle and is brought to the surface by volcanic activity or tectonic processes.
Mined for over 3,500 years on the Egyptian island of Zabargad (St. John's Island).
How to identify Peridot
- Check whether the specimen's color and texture match typical Peridot examples.
- Photograph a fresh surface in natural light and avoid shadows, glare, or wet surfaces.
- Use hardness, streak, luster, grain size, and locality together; no single trait is enough for every specimen.
Full Peridot identification guide: checklist, home tests and look-alikes →
Peridot vs similar stones
Not sure it isn't something else? Side-by-side comparisons with the stones most often confused with Peridot.
Where Peridot is found
Peridot is reported from multiple localities or geological settings. Exact locality should be verified from specimen provenance, maps, or field notes.
How much is Peridot worth?
| Entry-level specimen | $50 |
|---|---|
| Typical collector specimen | $200 |
| Premium specimen | $2000+ |
Value depends on size, condition, color, crystal quality, locality, rarity, preparation, and provenance. Treat this as educational guidance, not an appraisal.
Common uses
- Jewelry
- Collector specimens
Interesting facts
- Found in meteorites and on Mars
- Ancient Egyptians called it the 'gem of the sun'
- Cleopatra's 'emeralds' may have actually been peridots
Care & safety
Treat Peridot as a collector specimen unless hardness, cleavage, and fracture are confirmed.
Avoid inhaling dust. Do not cut, grind, or polish unknown specimens without eye protection and a properly rated respirator.
Peridot FAQ
What is Peridot?
Peridot is the gem variety of olivine, one of the most common minerals in Earth's mantle. Its distinctive yellow-green color comes from iron.
How much is Peridot worth?
Entry-level Peridot specimens sell for around $50, a typical collector specimen for about $200, and premium pieces for $2000 or more. Value depends on size, condition, color, crystal quality, locality, rarity, preparation, and provenance. Treat this as educational guidance, not an appraisal.
How hard is Peridot?
Peridot has a Mohs hardness of 6.5. It scratches glass and a steel knife and cannot be scratched by a steel file.
Where is Peridot found?
Notable sources of Peridot include Arizona, USA, Myanmar, Pakistan, Egypt, and China. Forms deep in Earth's mantle and is brought to the surface by volcanic activity or tectonic processes..
What is Peridot used for?
Peridot is used for jewelry and collector specimens.
