Minerals · uncommon
Azurite
Azurite is a deep blue copper carbonate mineral, often found with green malachite. It was ground into pigment for the famous blue in Renaissance paintings.
Also known as: blue copper, renaissance pigment, azurite malachite.
Azurite properties at a glance
| Type | Minerals |
|---|---|
| Chemical formula | Cu3(CO3)2(OH)2 |
| Mohs hardness | 3.5 |
| Crystal system | monoclinic |
| Luster | vitreous |
| Streak | Light blue |
| Cleavage | Perfect |
| Fracture | Conchoidal |
| Specific gravity | 3.8 |
| Transparency | translucent |
| Common colors | Deep Blue, Azure Blue |
| Rarity | uncommon |
Geology & background
Forms in the oxidation zone of copper ore deposits when carbonate-bearing water reacts with copper minerals.
Ancient Egyptians used azurite for jewelry and eye paint; Renaissance artists ground it for ultramarine-like pigment.
How to identify Azurite
- Check whether the specimen's color and texture match typical Azurite examples.
- Photograph a fresh surface in natural light and avoid shadows, glare, or wet surfaces.
- Use hardness, streak, luster, grain size, and locality together; no single trait is enough for every specimen.
Full Azurite identification guide: checklist, home tests and look-alikes →
Azurite vs similar stones
Not sure it isn't something else? Side-by-side comparisons with the stones most often confused with Azurite.
Where Azurite is found
Azurite is reported from multiple localities or geological settings. Exact locality should be verified from specimen provenance, maps, or field notes.
How much is Azurite worth?
| Entry-level specimen | $10 |
|---|---|
| Typical collector specimen | $50 |
| Premium specimen | $500+ |
Value depends on size, condition, color, crystal quality, locality, rarity, preparation, and provenance. Treat this as educational guidance, not an appraisal.
Common uses
- Collector specimens
- Jewelry
- Pigment (historical)
Interesting facts
- Used as blue pigment in Renaissance paintings
- Often converts to green malachite over time
- Name comes from Persian 'lazhward' meaning blue
Care & safety
Treat Azurite as a collector specimen unless hardness, cleavage, and fracture are confirmed.
Avoid inhaling dust. Do not cut, grind, or polish unknown specimens without eye protection and a properly rated respirator.
Azurite FAQ
What is Azurite?
Azurite is a deep blue copper carbonate mineral, often found with green malachite. It was ground into pigment for the famous blue in Renaissance paintings.
How much is Azurite worth?
Entry-level Azurite specimens sell for around $10, a typical collector specimen for about $50, and premium pieces for $500 or more. Value depends on size, condition, color, crystal quality, locality, rarity, preparation, and provenance. Treat this as educational guidance, not an appraisal.
How hard is Azurite?
Azurite has a Mohs hardness of 3.5. A steel knife blade (Mohs 5.5) scratches it; a copper coin does not.
Where is Azurite found?
Notable sources of Azurite include Morocco, Namibia, USA, Australia, and France. Forms in the oxidation zone of copper ore deposits when carbonate-bearing water reacts with copper minerals..
What is Azurite used for?
Azurite is used for collector specimens, jewelry, and pigment (historical).
